Artichoke

Zoom on carbohydrates

• The content in carbohydrates of raw artichoke (4.92 g per 100 g) is higher than the average content present in raw vegetables (4.45 g per 100 g).
• Raw artichoke is low in sugar* (0.99 g per 100 g) as it contains no more than 5 g per 100 g.

Zoom on fibres

• The fibre content of raw artichoke is 5.40 g per 100 g, which is more than 3 g per 100 g; it is therefore a source of fibre*.
• The main fibre present in artichokes is inulin (Ruiz-Cano, 2014).
• Its fibre content is higher than the average amount found in raw vegetables (2.43 g per 100 g).

Zoom on protein

• The protein content of raw artichokes (3.20 g per 100 g) is higher than the average amount in raw vegetables (1.87 g per 100 g).

Zoom on lipids

• The content in fats of raw artichoke (0.18 g for 100 g) is lower than the average content present in vegetables (0.56 g for 100 g).
• Raw artichoke is fat-free* as it contains less than 0.5 g fat per 100 g.

*Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods.

Zoom on minerals and trace elements

• Raw artichoke is a source of:
  • copper because it provides the equivalent of 23% of DRVs for copper, i.e. 0.23 mg per 100 g;
  • potassium because it provides the equivalent of 19.35% of DRVs for potassium, i.e. 387 mg per 100 g.
• It also contains a significant amount of manganese, magnesium and phosphorus. It provides the equivalent of:
  • 13% of DRVs for manganese, i.e. 0.26 mg per 100 g;
  • 12.75 % of DRVs for magnesium, i.e. 47.80 mg per 100 g;
  • 11.60 % of DRVs for phosphorus, i.e. 81.20 mg per 100 g.
• The other minerals and trace elements are present in quantities representing less than 9% of DRVs.

Zoom on vitamins

• Raw artichoke is high in vitamin B9 as it brings the equivalent of 34 % of DRVs for vitamin B9, i.e. 68 µg per 100 g.
• It is also a source of vitamin K1 as it provides the equivalent of 19.73% of DRVs for vitamin K1, i.e. 14.80 µg per 100 g.
• The content in vitamin C of raw artichoke is also notable since it is 11.70 mg per 100 g, which corresponds to 14.63 % of DRVs for vitamin C.
• The other vitamins are present in quantities representing less than 8% of DRVs.

*Calculation performed: Beta Carotene / 6 + retinol

Zoom on polyphenols

• Polyphenols are substances with an antioxidant effect.
• Hydroxycinnamic acids, of the phenolic acid family, are predominantly present in raw artichoke composites, accounting for 78% of total polyphenols identified by chromatographic analysis. The main one is 5-caffeoylquinic acid.
• The other polyphenols are flavones, from the flavonoid family.
• Raw artichoke contains a significant amount of polyphenols.

The following values are approximate and depend on variety, season, ripeness, cultivation conditions, etc. Steamed artichokes provide an average of 47.30 calories (kcal) per 100 g, i.e. 195 kJ. An artichoke weighs on average 300 g, which represents an energy intake of approximately 141.90 kcal.

COMPOSITION TABLES

For each nutrient, the tables provide information on the content, minimum and maximum values, as well as the percentage of Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for 100g net of pressure steamed artichoke.

Zoom on carbohydrates

• Steamed artichokes have a carbohydrate content (3.24 g per 100 g) lower than the average content in cooked vegetables (4.85 g per 100 g).
• The carbohydrates are mainly sucrose (1.20 g per 100 g) and fructose (0.70 g per 100 g).
• They are low in sugar* (1.90 g per 100 g) because they contain no more than 5 g per 100 g.

Zoom on fibres

• The fibre content of steamed artichokes is 10.90 g per 100 g, which is more than 6 g per 100 g, meaning they are high in fibre*. This amount is well above the average content in cooked vegetables (2.89 g per 100).
• According to the Ciqual 2020 table, steamed artichokes are the vegetable with the highest fibre content.
• The main fibre present in artichokes is inulin (Ruiz-Cano, 2014).

Zoom on protein

• Its protein content (2.63 g per 100 g) is higher than the average content in cooked vegetables (2 g per 100 g).

Zoom on lipids

• Steamed artichoke is fat-free* as it contains less than 0.5 g fat per 100 g.

*Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods.

Zoom on minerals and trace elements

• Steamed artichokes are a source of potassium as they provide the equivalent of 24% of DRVs for potassium, i.e. 480 mg per 100 g.
• They also contain significant amounts of chloride and magnesium. In fact, they provide the equivalent of:
  • 11.56 % of DRVs for chloride, i.e. 92.44 mg per 100 g;
  • 10.93% of DRVs for magnesium, i.e. 41 mg per 100 g.
• The other minerals and trace elements are present in quantities representing less than 9% of DRVs.

Zoom on vitamins

• Steamed artichokes are a source of vitamin B9 as they provide the equivalent of 26.30% of DRVs for vitamin B9, i.e. 52.60 µg per 100 g.
• The other vitamins are present in quantities representing less than 7% of DRVs.

*Calculation performed: Beta Carotene / 6 + retinol

Zoom on polyphenols

• Polyphenols are substances with an antioxidant effect.
• Phenolic acids, of the hydroxycinnamic acid family, make up 93% of the total polyphenols in steamed artichokes according to chromatographic analysis. The main hydroxycinnamic acid present in artichokes is 3,5-dicafeoylquinic acid.

According to the definitions of nutrition claims as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims, and in view of the composition of steamed artichoke, the following claims may be used:

NUTRITION CLAIMS OF STEAMED ARTICHOKE

• Low in sugar (100 g of steamed artichoke contains no more than 5 g of sugars)
• Fat-free (100 g of steamed artichoke contains no more than 0.5 g of fat)
• High in fibre (100 g of steamed artichoke provides over 6 g of fibre)
• Source of vitamin B9 (100 g of steamed artichoke provides the equivalent of more than 15% of DRVs)
• Source of potassium (100 g of steamed artichoke provides the equivalent of more than 15% of DRVs)

HEALTH CLAIMS (for a consumption of 100 g of steamed artichoke)

Folates or vitamin B9

• Folates contribute to:
  • maternal tissue growth during pregnancy,
  • normal amino acid synthesis,
  • normal blood formation,
  • normal homocysteine metabolism,
  • normal psychological function,
  • normal function of the immune system,
  • reduction of tiredness and fatigue.

• Folates have a role in the process of cell division.

Potassium

• Potassium contributes to:
  • normal functioning of the nervous system,
  • normal muscle function,
  • maintenance of normal blood pressure.