Berry antioxidants: small fruits providing large benefits.

Small berry fruits are consumed due to their attractive colour, special taste and are considered as one of the richest sources of natural antioxidants. Their consumption has been linked to the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases. The term 'berry fruits' commonly encompass the so-called 'soft fruits', primarily strawberry, currants, gooseberry, blackberry, raspberry, blueberry, and cranberry. The objective of this review was to highlight the nutraceutical value of berries and to summarize the factors affecting berry fruit antioxidants. Particular attention is given to postharvest and processing operation factors that may affect fruit phytochemical content. The structure-antioxidant relationships for phenolic compounds, the main group of antioxidants in this fruit group are presented and major areas for future research are identified.