Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women

Auteur(s) :
Meyer KA., Folsom AR.., Jacobs Dr JR., Kushi LH., Sellers TA., Slavin JL.
Date :
Avr, 2000
Source(s) :
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION. #71:4 p921-930
Adresse :
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.

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BACKGROUND:
Dietary carbohydrates may influence the development of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes, for example, through effects on blood glucose and insulin concentrations.

OBJECTIVE:
We examined the relations of baseline intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, dietary magnesium, and carbohydrate-rich foods and the glycemic index with incidence of diabetes.

DESIGN:
This was a prospective cohort study of 35988 older Iowa women initially free of diabetes. During 6 y of follow-up, 1141 incident cases of diabetes were reported.

RESULTS:
Total grain, whole-grain, total dietary fiber, cereal fiber, and dietary magnesium intakes showed strong inverse associations with incidence of diabetes after adjustment for potential nondietary confounding variables. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks of diabetes were 1.0, 0.99, 0.98, 0.92, and 0.79 (P for trend: 0.0089) across quintiles of whole-grain intake; 1.0, 1.09, 1.00, 0.94, and 0.78 (P for trend: 0.005) across quintiles of total dietary fiber intake; and 1.0, 0.81, 0.82, 0.81, and 0.67 (P for trend: 0.0003) across quintiles of dietary magnesium intake. Intakes of total carbohydrates, refined grains, fruit and vegetables, and soluble fiber and the glycemic index were unrelated to diabetes risk.

CONCLUSION:
These data support a protective role for grains (particularly whole grains), cereal fiber, and dietary magnesium in the development of diabetes in older women."

Source : Pubmed
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