Effects of a mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized trial.

Auteur(s) :
Estruch R., Martínez-González MÁ., Corella D D., Salas-Salvadó J., Ros E., Lapetra J., Ruiz-Gutiérrez V., Fiol M., Vinyoles E., Covas MI., Saez G., Gómez-Gracia E., López-Sabater MC., Conde M., Lahoz C., Predimed Study INVESTIGATORS., Arós F.
Date :
Juil, 2006
Source(s) :
Ann Intern Med.. #145:1 p1-11
Adresse :
Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Municipal Institut for Medical Research, University of Barcelona, and Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected]

Sommaire de l'article

BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the short-term effects of 2 Mediterranean diets versus those of a low-fat diet on intermediate markers of cardiovascular risk.

DESIGN: Substudy of a multicenter, randomized, primary prevention trial of cardiovascular disease (Prevencion con Dieta Mediterranea [PREDIMED] Study).

SETTING: Primary care centers affiliated with 10 teaching hospitals.

PARTICIPANTS: 772 asymptomatic persons 55 to 80 years of age at high cardiovascular risk who were recruited from October 2003 to March 2004. Interventions: Participants were assigned to a low-fat diet (n = 257) or to 1 of 2 Mediterranean diets. Those allocated to Mediterranean diets received nutritional education and either free virgin olive oil, 1 liter per week (n = 257), or free nuts, 30 g/d (n = 258). The authors evaluated outcome changes at 3 months.

MEASUREMENTS: Body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose levels, and inflammatory molecules.

RESULTS: The completion rate was 99.6%. Compared with the low-fat diet, the 2 Mediterranean diets produced beneficial changes in most outcomes. Compared with the low-fat diet, the mean changes in the Mediterranean diet with olive oil group and the Mediterranean diet with nuts group were -0.39 mmol/L (95% CI, -0.70 to -0.07 mmol/L) and -0.30 mmol/L (CI, -0.58 to -0.01 mmol/L), respectively, for plasma glucose levels; -5.9 mm Hg (CI, -8.7 to -3.1 mm Hg) and -7.1 mm Hg (CI, -10.0 to -4.1 mm Hg), respectively, for systolic blood pressure; and -0.38 (CI, -0.55 to -0.22) and – 0.26 (CI, -0.42 to -0.10), respectively, for the cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. The Mediterranean diet with olive oil reduced C-reactive protein levels by 0.54 mg/L (CI, 1.04 to 0.03 mg/L) compared with the low-fat diet.

LIMITATIONS: This short-term study did not focus on clinical outcomes. Nutritional education about low-fat diet was less intense than education about Mediterranean diets.

CONCLUSION: Compared with a low-fat diet, Mediterranean diets supplemented with olive oil or nuts have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

Source : Pubmed
Retour