Effects of dietary modification and treatment of obesity – emphasis on improving vascular outcomes

Diet is an important therapy for improving vascular outcomes. Its benefits extend beyond the reduction of cholesterol. Dietary modification can reduce vascular outcomes by mechanisms other than merely the reduction of LDL-c. The use of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to reduce carbohydrates or the use of plant-based n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with fewer n-6 PUFA are options that can be used. Interventions to improve LDL-c, triglycerides, and HDL-c are also discussed. The article concludes with a contemporary view of the clinical approach and management of obesity.