Learning to eat in an obesogenic environment: a developmental systems perspective on childhood obesity

Currently, children are developing in an
obesity-promoting, or obesogenic, environment, which has
emerged within the past 3 decades. This rapid change provides a rare opportunity to investigate the phenotypic outcomes that result from the expression of human genetic
predispositions in a new environment. Unfortunately, the
environmental changes that have occurred are associated
with epidemic obesity rates in all age groups. Using a
developmental perspective, this article argues that this
probabilistic outcome is not predetermined, however. The
article also provides examples of learning paradigms—
familiarization and associative and observational
learning—that present opportunities for parents and caregivers to restructure children’s environments in early life, increasing the likelihood of healthy weight-status outcomes in the context of the current obesogenic environment.