Risk factors for pancreatic cancer: a summary review of meta-analytical studies.

Auteur(s) :
Maisonneuve P., Lowenfels AB.
Date :
Déc, 2014
Source(s) :
International journal of epidemiology. # p
Adresse :
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy and Departments of Surgery and of Family and Preventive Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA [email protected].

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BACKGROUND
The aetiology of pancreatic cancer (PC) has been extensively studied and is the subject of numerous meta-analyses and pooled analyses. We have summarized results from these pooled and meta-analytical studies to estimate the fraction of PCs attributable to each of the identified risk factors.

METHODS
Using a comprehensive strategy, we retrieved 117 meta-analytical or pooled reports dealing with the association between specific risk factors and PC risk. We combined estimates of relative risk and estimates of exposure to calculate the fraction of PCs caused or prevented by a particular exposure.

RESULTS
Tobacco smoking ('strong' evidence) and Helicobacter pylori infection ('moderate' evidence) are the major risk factors associated with PC, with respective estimated population attributable fractions of 11-32% and 4-25%. The major protective factors are history of allergy ('strong' evidence) and increasing fruit or folate intake ('moderate' evidence), with respective population preventable fractions of 3-7% and 0-12%.

CONCLUSIONS
We summarized results of 117 meta-analytical or pooled data reports dealing with 37 aetiological exposures, to obtain robust information about the suspected causes of PC. By combining these estimates with their prevalences in the population, we calculated population attributable or population preventable fractions. About two-thirds of the major risk factors associated with PC are potentially modifiable, affording a unique opportunity for preventing one of our deadliest cancers.

Source : Pubmed
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