Development and validation of an individual dietary index based on the british food standard agency nutrient profiling system in a French context.

Auteur(s) :
Hercberg S., Touvier M., Kesse-Guyot E., Méjean C., Julia C., Ducrot P., Péneau S.
Date :
Déc, 2014
Source(s) :
J Nutr.. #144:12 p2009-2017
Adresse :
Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), UMR 1153 Inserm, U1125 INRA, CNAM, Paris 5 University, Paris 7 University, F-93017, Bobigny, France; and Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital (AP-HP), Bobigny, France [email protected]

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BACKGROUND:
Nutrient profiling systems could be useful public health tools as a basis for front-of-package nutrition labeling, advertising regulations, or food taxes. However, their ability beyond characterization of foods to adequately characterize individual diets necessitates further investigation.

OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this study were 1) to calculate a score at the individual level based on the British Food Standard Agency (FSA) food-level nutrient profiling system of each food consumed, and 2) to evaluate the validity of the resulting diet-quality score against food group consumption, nutrient intake, and sociodemographic and lifestyle variables.

METHODS:
A representative sample of the French population was selected from the NutriNet-Santé Study (n = 4225). Dietary data were collected through repeated 24-h dietary records. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were self-reported. All foods consumed were characterized by their FSA nutrient profile, and the energy intake from each food consumed was used to compute FSA-derived aggregated scores at the individual level. A score of adherence to French nutritional recommendations [Programme National Nutrition Santé guideline score (PNNS-GS)] was computed as a comparison diet-quality score. Associations between food consumption, nutritional indicators, lifestyle and sociodemographic variables, and quartiles of aggregated scores were investigated using ANOVAs and linear regression models.

RESULTS:
Participants with more favorable scores consumed higher amounts of fruits [difference Δ = 156 g/d between quartile 1 (less favorable) and quartile 4 (most favorable), P < 0.001], vegetables (Δ = 85 g/d, P < 0.001), and fish, and lower amounts of snack foods (Δ = -72 g/d, P < 0.001 for sugary snacks); they also had higher vitamin and mineral intakes and lower intakes of saturated fat. Participants with more favorable scores also had a higher adherence to nutritional recommendations measured with the PNNS-GS (Δ = 2.13 points, P < 0.001). Women, older subjects, and higher-income subjects were more likely to have more favorable scores.

CONCLUSION:
Our results show adequate validity of the FSA nutrient profiling system to characterize individual diets in a French context.

Source : Pubmed
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