Study on awareness of osteoporosis and its associated risk factors among housewives and working women in Karachi.

OBJECTIVE
To compare awareness of osteoporosis and its associated risks among working women and housewives.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Karachi University and Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from January to April 2015, and comprised working women and housewives who were enrolled using convenience sampling. Data was collected on awareness, dairy, fruit, vegetable, poultry/fish consumption as well as exercise, diagnosis and treatment taken for deficiency of vitamin D. Weight, height and body mass index were noted. Analysis was done using SPSS 17.

RESULTS
Of the 600 participants, 300(50%) were housewives and 300(50%) were working women. Significant differences were observed in marriage years, number of children and income (p <0.05). Body mass index of groups demonstrated that more working women were within normal range weight than housewives (p<0.05). Fewer housewives had awareness about osteoporosis and the majority of them had a sedentary lifestyle (p<0.001). More housewives were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency and were prescribed for treatment (p<0.001). Dairy and vegetable consumption was found comparable while fruits and poultry/ fish intake was better in working women (p<0.05). Since the subjects in both groups had no regular exercise programme, therefore the overall results were insignificant (p>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Greater number of working women had awareness of osteoporosis.